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Android is one of the many distributions that currently work on the Openmoko phones. You can compare a distribution with an Operating System on normal computers. It gives the phone all the software needed for operating. For more information about the different flavors, see distributions.

Contents

Updates

  • 20081120 Koolu.com 推動銷售搭載 Android的Openmoko Freerunner 。如提供現有的FreeRunner 下載可搭載的Android。直到 December 2008。
  • 20081104 第一個可以在FreeRunner上執行的 Android-image已經成功的被 Sean McNeil編譯出來! - sms 及通話可以使用,wifi 及藍芽則否。news-source
  • 20081022 User:Cfriedt 可以在移除了v5TE指令下 ,沒有錯誤的'trivially' 為ARMv4T編譯 Android source code。雖然它不預期它可以被執行,至少我針對 build/core/combo/arm-linux.mk做了一些小小的取代。關於此點,我可以繼續像執行v4T指令順序般的,重新執行 v5TE 指令。(或者,重新執行整個 hand-optimized v4T 指令組合)。
  • 20081021 Google 釋出Apache free 及 open-source手機下,大部份的source codelicense, 部份被涵蓋在現有的授權(licenses)下,如 Linux kernel 是屬於 GPLv2授權。
  • 200810?? Koolu.com 宣佈他們將會 銷售搭載Android的Openmoko Freerunner ,這個計劃會在2008年11月開始,並且提供現有的FreeRunner用戶 免費下載可搭載在Freerunner上的Android 。 知名的 open-source 愛好者Jon "maddog" Hall 是Koolu的CTO及代表。

簡介

本網頁撰寫的目地在於將Android OS 移植到 Neo 1973Neo FreeRunner 手機上。Android OS 於2008年10月21日公開的發佈 。 下列的資訊,可以提供您暸解在 Neo 1973FreeRunner 移植工作 目前的運作情形 及現狀

目標

  1. 有系統化的在Android codebase下使用提供給 ARMv4T 的patch檔。
  2. 提供在Android codebase在下Neo1973 與 Neo FreeRunner hardware-dependent patches 檔, 這項任務已經被 Openmoko 工程師完成,在不強迫變更 Android-specific upstream下。
  3. Distributions網頁中,提供有用的Android 檔案系統及kernel。

使用現有的二進位檔安裝

詳盡的在FreeRunner上安裝Android (使用 Sean McNeil的kernel及rootfs 套件,及 Qi bootloader) ,何以在http://www.copiesofcopies.org/webl/?p=34此網址找到。

早期目標

就如同 Ben Leslieblog 中所提到的,在 source code釋出之前,Android 被設計為使用ARMv5TE 架構instruction set architecture (ISA),允許 DSP 擴充的指令。 相較於 ARMv5TE ISA, the Neo1973 及 FreeRunner 電話聽筒都著重在arm920t core,並可以應用到 ARMv4T ISA。

在源碼開放之前,kernel trap handlers 被用來 '模擬' ARMv5TE ISA。雖然這個結果在不同的案例下運作,trapping 是較花成本及效能的一種結果。甚至於,在沒有明確的暸解哪個狀況是被不同的指令所設定的情兄下,如Thumb Mode execution,這個結果成為沒有定論。

目前的狀態

隨著 Android釋出 source code,Open Source社群不再受限於使用binary-only 產品。The Open Handset Alliance (OHA)已經讓他們的source code 成為能讓大家致富及受益的產品。

目前,porting 以不同的循環模式運做。Patches需要透過 official Android channels提交。

Koolu,Freerunner 的經銷商, 在http://git.koolu.com釋出了他們搭載FreeRunner的源碼。參考 #Building the Koolu Android Source下的說明可以暸解到如何製作供給Freerunner使用的Android image。

為了要追蹤Android source tree的哪個部份包含了特定的 ARMv5 程式,我製作了包含patches狀態的表格。這個表格可以在 http://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=pzDEXnU19gkeTjpD28t-7fw 找到。User:Bricode

Sean McNeil 指出他可以在FreeRunner上執行包含通話功能的 Android。

Ben Leslie 也在android-porting list上指出他可以在Neo 1973 show出他的Android logo。

建立Koolu Android Source

  1. 參考Setting up your machine 中的Google build 說明,進行設定。
  2. 安裝 repo 並下載源碼,你可以在 http://trac.koolu.org/找到它的文件。
  3. 在完成build後,你可以藉由的訊息編輯及執行McNeil的 scripts,將root file system 放在一起。第一個 script (cp_android_OS) 用來複製最新的built files到 staging area。 第二個(mkjffs2) 則從staging area會製作一個jffs2 image。請確定在二個檔案中編輯你的路徑。或者,你可以使用以下的script
  4. 上面執行的結果是androidfs.jffs2的檔案,它可以被燒進你的Freerunner。

製作jffs2 image

你可以使用以下的script:

#!/bin/sh

currentdir=`pwd`

ANDROID_OUT=out
ANDROID_DEVICE=freerunner
EXPORT_ROOT=$currentdir/build_jffs2_tmp

Usage()
{
	echo "Usage: $0 release|debug jffs2filename"
}

BuildImage()
{

	if [ -d $1 ]
	then
		echo "[INFO] Copying from... $1"

		sudo rm -rf $EXPORT_ROOT
		mkdir $EXPORT_ROOT
		mkdir $EXPORT_ROOT/root

		# Copy the image...
		cd $1
		tar cf - root | (cd $EXPORT_ROOT; sudo tar xf -)
		tar cf - system | (cd $EXPORT_ROOT/root; sudo tar xf -)

		# Change owner and permissions...
		cd $EXPORT_ROOT
		sudo chown -R root:root root
		sudo chmod -R 777 root
		
		cd $currentdir

		# Make the JFFS2 file
		mkfs.jffs2 --pad=0x700000 -o $2 -e 0x20000 -n -d$EXPORT_ROOT/root/
		echo "[INFO] Image written to $2"
		
		sudo rm -rf $EXPORT_ROOT
	else
		echo "$1 does not exist!"
	fi
}

if [ $# != 2 ]
then
	Usage
else

	case $1 in
	    release)
		BuildImage $ANDROID_OUT/target/product/$ANDROID_DEVICE $2
		;;
	    debug)
		BuildImage $ANDROID_OUT/debug/target/product/$ANDROID_DEVICE $2
		;;
	    *)
		Usage
	esac
fi


目前並沒有與建置 Freerunner/Android kernel相關的說明文件。Sean McNeil 目前已經在 http://people.openmoko.org/sean_mcneil/ 這個位置釋出Kernel。大部份的patche 需要與andy-tracking kernel branch 配合執行,而此Kernel終將成為最穩定的kernel版本。 一旦所有的 patche都放到 kernel後,即可在stock kernel上執行 Android 。

與 Windows 連結性

讓 Windows 能組織 Android "網路零件(Ethernet Gadget)" ,並且使用Android USB Windows driver (http://dl.google.com/android/android_usb_windows.zip) 充電,在你安裝驅動程式前,你可以透過修改套件中的android_usb.inf 檔案,來完成這項工作。你必須做出下面的修改動作:

將下面[Google.NTx86] 的內容加到android_usb.inf 檔案中:

; Neo FreeRunner
%USB\VID_1457&PID_5117.DeviceDescRelease%=androidusb.Dev, USB\VID_1457&PID_5117
%USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01.DeviceDescRelease%=androidusb.Dev, USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01

並且在android_usb.inf檔案的 [Strings] 區塊下加入以下的內容:

USB\VID_1457&PID_5117.DeviceDescRelease="Neo FreeRunner"
USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01.DeviceDescRelease="Neo FreeRunner Composite ADB Interface"

adb的Windows版本並不會出現,並且連接到裝置上,但至少FreeRunner會開始充電,裝置驅動程式會出現"This device is working properly(此裝置的功能運作正常)"的訊息。

取得幫助

Getting Started

你可以藉由下面的操作指引下載及建立Android source,請參考 http://source.android.com/download並且依照你的架構參考操作指引。

發佈你的作品

最好的方法是透過 wiki systems、公開的 mailing list、討論群組及公開的系統來發表你的作品。

對於你的工作,永遠加入自己的credit,但請不要使用註解的方式,因為有些程式在沒有註解的情況下已經不易閱讀困難,這個方式將增加困難度。最好的情況是,建立patch,並且在表頭放入你的個人連絡資訊。但協同運作的系統,如git可能已經幫你完成這個工作了。

若你建立了新的東西,並且能夠指定它的授權,請考慮授權相容性上的問題。

Porting 策略

  • 分析它對現有的build system的影響力
    • buid/core/combo/arm-linux.mk
      • -D__ARCH_ARM_4__ -D__ARCH_ARM_4T__
      • -march=armv4t -mcpu=arm920t
    • 修補不同的靜態參考資料到 'armv5'
  • 隔離 ARMv5TE ISA 相依的程式碼
    • e.g. grep -n -R -i "${armv5te_isa_pattern}" ~/android
  • 摘要
    • ( C/C++ )
      • 使用 inlined functions / #ifdef 狀態式來完成移植性的功能
      • 針對 inlined assembler calls,目前使用一般的 C 程式也是可以被接受的,之後,我們再用手動的方式來進行最佳化的工作。
    • ( ASM )
      • 處理器的狀態是根據 ISA / architecture,如 #ifdef __ARCH_ARM_5__ ... #endif #ifdef __ARCH_ARM_4__ ... #endif
      • 強烈的建議處理器狀態應該不要套疊在一起(如讓他們彼此獨佔)
      • Some people have suggested that we should not do #ifdef's based on ARCH or ISA, but rather based on an AndroidConfig.h which would define macros like PLD(...) #ifdef HAVE_ARM_PLD pld #else ... #endif .

針對ARMv5TE 指令(instruction),可能潛藏著:

  • 使用一般的registers(登錄子),而不是使用 DSP 呼叫 (如 eabi / softfloat)
  • 若它是 a) 無法判別的 或者 b) 速度緩慢,則這個區段的程式則必須要分析,針對ARMv4T isa,必須使用hand-optimized 的方法

List of Unsupported Instructions

This is a list of opcodes, extracted from the Android source, that are unsupported for ARMv4T compliant processors (specifically the arm920t). The opcodes represent instructions available for ARMv5, ARMv5T, and ARMv5TE architectures, which are not present in the ARMv4T ISA. The list was obtained by exhaustively editing the recompiling the Android source code until it compiled without error.

Please keep in mind, that in some cases, translating these instructions into a sequence of ARMv4T instructions will be impossible and / or result in nondeterministic execution because of

  • the requirement of additional context
  • the tendencies of certain opcodes to change condition registers that may or may not be present in the arm920t core

Opcodes

Opcode Desription [PDF] Page Number C ASM
BLX(1) Branch, Link, and Exchange 166 N/A (Unused in Android) N/A (Unused in Android)
BLX(2) Branch, Link, and Exchange 168

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_BLX
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with equivalent blx code, as shown to the right) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_BLX
#define BLX(a) \
blx a
#else
#define BLX(a) \
mov pc,lr \
bx a
#endif
CLZ Count Leading Zeros 175

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_CLZ
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with equivalent clz code, as shown to the right) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081029

#ifdef HAVE_CLZ
#define CLZ(Rd,Rm) \
clz Rd,Rm
#else
#define CLZ(Rd,Rm) \
...
#endif
...
CLZ(Rd,Rm)
LDRD Load Registers Doubleword 200

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute different inline assembly code with something like

#ifdef HAVE_LDRD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with ldrd substituted) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_LDRD
#define LDRD(a,b) \
ldrd a,b
#else
#define LDRD(a,b) \
...
#endif
PLD Preload Data 240

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_PLD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with pld removed) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove or substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_PLD
#define PLD(a,b) \
pld a,b
#else
#define PLD(a,b)
#endif
...
PLD(r0,#0)
SMLA<x><y> Signed Multiply-Accumulate 291
SMLAL<x><y> Signed Multiply Accumulate Long 298
SMLAW<y> Signed Multiply-Accumulate Word 302
SMUL<x><y> Signed Multiply 316
SMULW<y> Signed Multiply Word 320
QADD Saturating Add 242
QDADD Saturating Double and Add 249
QDSUB Saturating Double and Subtract 251
QSUB Saturating Subtract 253
STRD Store Registers Doubleword 349

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute different inline assembly code with something like

#ifdef HAVE_STRD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm without strd) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_STRD
#define STRD(a,b) \
strd a,b
#else
#define STRD(a,b) \
...
#endif


Scanning for Files That Use the ARMv5TE ISA

Using the above list of opcodes, one can scan the Android source code for ARMv4T-incompatible instruction sequences.

Code:

#!/bin/sh

# $1 is the android directory

if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
exit -1
fi

cd "${1}"

opcodes="blx clz ldrd pld smlabb smlabt smlatt
smlal smlawb smlawt smulbb smulbt smultt smulwb
smulwt qadd qdadd qdsub qsub strd"

for op in ${opcodes}; do

echo "* ${op} ====================================="

if [ ! -e .files.${op} ]; then

files="$(grep -R -i "${op} " * 2>/dev/null)"
files="$(echo $files | grep -v "^Binary file" | sed -e 's/:.*//')"
files="$(echo $files| grep -v "CREDIT\|README\|^\(kernel/\|.git/\)\|\(\.txt\)$" | sort -u)"

echo "${files}" > .files.${op}

else
files="$(cat .files.${op})"
fi

for fil in ${files}; do
lines="$(grep -n -i "${op} " ${fil} | sed -e 's/:.*//g' )"
lines="$(echo $lines | sed -e 's/ /,/g')"
echo "** ${fil}: lines {${lines}}"
done
done


Source Files in Android that Use the ARMv5TE ISA

The list of files below may or may not be complete. There might also be some assembly code that is generated with a python script (verification?).


  • blx =====================================
    • bionic/libc/tools/gensyscalls.py: lines {168,186}
    • bootloader/legacy/nandwrite/init.S: lines {77}
    • bootloader/legacy/usbloader/init.S: lines {95}
    • dalvik/vm/arch/arm/CallEABI.S: lines {239}
    • dalvik/vm/arch/arm/CallOldABI.S: lines {145}
    • development/emulator/qtools/thumbdis.cpp: lines {187,265}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1151,1971,2444}
    • external/qemu/trace.c: lines {774,1353,1358}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/disassem.c: lines {416}
  • clz =====================================
    • development/emulator/qtools/armdis.cpp: lines {654}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/pv_normalize.h: lines {67,84}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/norm_l.h: lines {137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/normalize_amr_wb.h: lines {78,95}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/pvmp3_normalize.h: lines {67,84}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/avc_h264/dec/src/vlc.cpp: lines {23}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/vlc_encode_inline.h: lines {125,162,168,204,218}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1247}
    • external/skia/libcorecg/Sk64.cpp: lines {340,341,343}
    • external/skia/libcorecg/SkMatrix.cpp: lines {500,501}
    • external/skia/libsgl/effects/SkColorMatrixFilter.cpp: lines {135}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkBitmap.cpp: lines {945,946,947}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkBitmapShader.cpp: lines {32,33,34}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkGraphics.cpp: lines {429,437}
  • ldrd =====================================
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_AGET_WIDE.S: lines {28}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IGET_WIDE.S: lines {37}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IGET_WIDE_QUICK.S: lines {10}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_SGET_WIDE.S: lines {17}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/out/InterpAsm-armv5.S: lines {2653,7464,8318,8390}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/rotate90CW_4x4_16v6.S: lines {40,41,42,43}
  • pld =====================================
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcmp.S: lines {37,44,45,56,57,107,108,195,196}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcmp16.S: lines {37,44,45,67,68,116,117,198,199}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcpy.S: lines {55,56,57,145,266,293,320}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/strlen.c: lines {59,65}
    • bionic/libc/kernel/arch-arm/asm/arch/irqs.h: lines {162}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile: lines {243}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile.am: lines {32}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile.in: lines {243}
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {69,235,247}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1149}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssembler.cpp: lines {368}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssemblerInterface.cpp: lines {104,108,117}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {111,112,134,143}
  • smlabb =====================================
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {110,115,155,156}
    • external/neven/Embedded/common/src/b_BasicEm/Math.c: lines {584,589}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {147,166}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {120,129}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {514,533}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {418,429}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {202}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {250}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/dct_inline.h: lines {119,155,167,278,326,341}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/fastquant_inline.h: lines {178,225,437,517}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {405,436}
  • smlabt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {184}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {138}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/dct_inline.h: lines {131,143,294,310}
  • smlatt =====================================
    • external/neven/Embedded/common/src/b_BasicEm/Math.c: lines {585,590}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {157}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {441}
  • smlal =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v4.h: lines {179,223,236,257,267}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v4_gcc.h: lines {264,341}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {178,188,198}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_dct_9.s: lines {84,90,96,101,109,114,116,118,121,132,138,150,163,165,167,174,176,178}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_dct_9_gcc.s: lines {73,79,86,90,98,103,105,107,110,121,127,139,152,154,156,163,165,167}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18.asm: lines {143,162,178,188,192,199,207,217,225,231,237,241,244}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18.s: lines {145,164,180,190,194,201,209,219,227,233,239,243,246}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18_gcc.s: lines {143,162,178,188,192,199,207,217,225,231,237,241,244}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window.asm: lines {62,63,66,72,76,77,81,82,85,90,94,97,99,100,103,108,113,114,118,119,122,129,136,137,176,179,183,187,190,193}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window.s: lines {67,68,71,77,81,82,86,87,90,95,99,102,104,105,108,113,118,119,123,124,127,134,141,142,181,184,188,192,195,198}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window_gcc.s: lines {65,66,69,75,79,80,84,85,88,93,97,100,102,103,106,111,116,117,121,122,125,132,139,140,179,182,186,190,193,196}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/pv_mp3dec_fxd_op_arm.h: lines {148}
    • external/qemu/trace.c: lines {813}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/iterators.S: lines {66,67}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {67,68,96,126,127,282,283,314,315,316}
  • smlawb =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {203,259}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {166,416}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {93,109}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {163,203}
  • smlawt =====================================
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {114}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {162,202,243,244}
  • smulbb =====================================
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {109,114,151,153}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {79}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {71,81}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {207,251,297,348,361,375,427,440,487}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {199,234,274,314,316,326,367,369,404}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mac.h: lines {121,137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_msu.h: lines {123,142}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mult.h: lines {122,140}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32.h: lines {132,134,138,164,177,191}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32_16.h: lines {127,129,150,163}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mult.h: lines {121,141}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {115,139,151,163,189,190,212}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {112,113,164,183,201,218,265}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/fastquant_inline.h: lines {250,457,531}
    • external/skia/include/corecg/SkMath.h: lines {170}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {420,462}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {39,66,74,82}
  • smulbt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {115}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {109}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/texturing.cpp: lines {1091}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {47,55}
  • smultt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {131}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {100}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {467}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {73}
  • smulwb =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {221}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {373}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {222}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {283}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/sbc/enc/src/sbcenc_filter.h: lines {33}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {161,201,242}
  • smulwt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {202,240}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {385,415}
  • qadd =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {64}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {60}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {130,256}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {128,235}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_add.h: lines {122,137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mult.h: lines {123,145}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {71,102,152,176,192}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {91,115,148,202,234}
    • external/openssl/crypto/bn/bn_prime.c: lines {454,455}
  • qdadd =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/calc_sbr_synfilterbank.cpp: lines {116,162}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/trans4m_freq_2_time_fxp.cpp: lines {472,494}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {212,356,370,385,435,449}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {200,315,321,331,368,371}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mac.h: lines {122,142}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32.h: lines {133,136,140,172,186,201}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32_16.h: lines {128,131,158,172}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {116}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {184}
  • qdsub =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {302}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {275}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_msu.h: lines {124,147}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {140}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {165}
  • qsub =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {167}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {162}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_sub.h: lines {121,138}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {88,127}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {70,133}
  • strd =====================================
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_APUT_WIDE.S: lines {31}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IPUT_WIDE.S: lines {39}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IPUT_WIDE_QUICK.S: lines {14}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_SPUT_WIDE.S: lines {21}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/out/InterpAsm-armv5.S: lines {2834,7530,8331,8542}
    • dalvik/vm/oo/Object.h: lines {589}
    • external/opencore/fileformats/avi/parser/include/pv_avifile_streamlist.h: lines {179}
    • external/opencore/fileformats/avi/parser/src/pv_avifile_streamlist.cpp: lines {153}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/rotate90CW_4x4_16v6.S: lines {47,52,56,60}


Discussion

Notes

The file

system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssembler.cpp

will need special attention. It's responsible for dynamic generation of DSP code.

Suggestions

  • User:Cfriedt 20081024 I'm not sure how feasible this is, given that the SMedia 3362 is heavily NDA'd. However, since the arm920t lacks a floating-point unit / DSP core, is it possible to use the SMedia chip for general-purpose math? This would help in the Android platform, at least, for things like audio and video codecs. Aside from an OpenGL ES driver, OpenMoko documentation for the SMedia would be highly appreciated.

Important Links

(Please Update Me)

Documentation

Instruction Set References

Hardware Reference

Communities

See also

External Links

Youtube video /Android on FreeRunner

Video 1

Video 2

Headline text

Personal tools

Android is one of the many distributions that currently work on the Openmoko phones. You can compare a distribution with an Operating System on normal computers. It gives the phone all the software needed for operating. For more information about the different flavors, see distributions.

Updates

  • 20081120 Koolu.com 推動銷售搭載 Android的Openmoko Freerunner 。如提供現有的FreeRunner 下載可搭載的Android。直到 December 2008。
  • 20081104 第一個可以在FreeRunner上執行的 Android-image已經成功的被 Sean McNeil編譯出來! - sms 及通話可以使用,wifi 及藍芽則否。news-source
  • 20081022 User:Cfriedt 可以在移除了v5TE指令下 ,沒有錯誤的'trivially' 為ARMv4T編譯 Android source code。雖然它不預期它可以被執行,至少我針對 build/core/combo/arm-linux.mk做了一些小小的取代。關於此點,我可以繼續像執行v4T指令順序般的,重新執行 v5TE 指令。(或者,重新執行整個 hand-optimized v4T 指令組合)。
  • 20081021 Google 釋出Apache free 及 open-source手機下,大部份的source codelicense, 部份被涵蓋在現有的授權(licenses)下,如 Linux kernel 是屬於 GPLv2授權。
  • 200810?? Koolu.com 宣佈他們將會 銷售搭載Android的Openmoko Freerunner ,這個計劃會在2008年11月開始,並且提供現有的FreeRunner用戶 免費下載可搭載在Freerunner上的Android 。 知名的 open-source 愛好者Jon "maddog" Hall 是Koolu的CTO及代表。

簡介

本網頁撰寫的目地在於將Android OS 移植到 Neo 1973Neo FreeRunner 手機上。Android OS 於2008年10月21日公開的發佈 。 下列的資訊,可以提供您暸解在 Neo 1973FreeRunner 移植工作 目前的運作情形 及現狀

目標

  1. 有系統化的在Android codebase下使用提供給 ARMv4T 的patch檔。
  2. 提供在Android codebase在下Neo1973 與 Neo FreeRunner hardware-dependent patches 檔, 這項任務已經被 Openmoko 工程師完成,在不強迫變更 Android-specific upstream下。
  3. Distributions網頁中,提供有用的Android 檔案系統及kernel。

使用現有的二進位檔安裝

詳盡的在FreeRunner上安裝Android (使用 Sean McNeil的kernel及rootfs 套件,及 Qi bootloader) ,何以在http://www.copiesofcopies.org/webl/?p=34此網址找到。

早期目標

就如同 Ben Leslieblog 中所提到的,在 source code釋出之前,Android 被設計為使用ARMv5TE 架構instruction set architecture (ISA),允許 DSP 擴充的指令。 相較於 ARMv5TE ISA, the Neo1973 及 FreeRunner 電話聽筒都著重在arm920t core,並可以應用到 ARMv4T ISA。

在源碼開放之前,kernel trap handlers 被用來 '模擬' ARMv5TE ISA。雖然這個結果在不同的案例下運作,trapping 是較花成本及效能的一種結果。甚至於,在沒有明確的暸解哪個狀況是被不同的指令所設定的情兄下,如Thumb Mode execution,這個結果成為沒有定論。

目前的狀態

隨著 Android釋出 source code,Open Source社群不再受限於使用binary-only 產品。The Open Handset Alliance (OHA)已經讓他們的source code 成為能讓大家致富及受益的產品。

目前,porting 以不同的循環模式運做。Patches需要透過 official Android channels提交。

Koolu,Freerunner 的經銷商, 在http://git.koolu.com釋出了他們搭載FreeRunner的源碼。參考 #Building the Koolu Android Source下的說明可以暸解到如何製作供給Freerunner使用的Android image。

為了要追蹤Android source tree的哪個部份包含了特定的 ARMv5 程式,我製作了包含patches狀態的表格。這個表格可以在 http://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=pzDEXnU19gkeTjpD28t-7fw 找到。User:Bricode

Sean McNeil 指出他可以在FreeRunner上執行包含通話功能的 Android。

Ben Leslie 也在android-porting list上指出他可以在Neo 1973 show出他的Android logo。

建立Koolu Android Source

  1. 參考Setting up your machine 中的Google build 說明,進行設定。
  2. 安裝 repo 並下載源碼,你可以在 http://trac.koolu.org/找到它的文件。
  3. 在完成build後,你可以藉由的訊息編輯及執行McNeil的 scripts,將root file system 放在一起。第一個 script (cp_android_OS) 用來複製最新的built files到 staging area。 第二個(mkjffs2) 則從staging area會製作一個jffs2 image。請確定在二個檔案中編輯你的路徑。或者,你可以使用以下的script
  4. 上面執行的結果是androidfs.jffs2的檔案,它可以被燒進你的Freerunner。

製作jffs2 image

你可以使用以下的script:

#!/bin/sh

currentdir=`pwd`

ANDROID_OUT=out
ANDROID_DEVICE=freerunner
EXPORT_ROOT=$currentdir/build_jffs2_tmp

Usage()
{
	echo "Usage: $0 release|debug jffs2filename"
}

BuildImage()
{

	if [ -d $1 ]
	then
		echo "[INFO] Copying from... $1"

		sudo rm -rf $EXPORT_ROOT
		mkdir $EXPORT_ROOT
		mkdir $EXPORT_ROOT/root

		# Copy the image...
		cd $1
		tar cf - root | (cd $EXPORT_ROOT; sudo tar xf -)
		tar cf - system | (cd $EXPORT_ROOT/root; sudo tar xf -)

		# Change owner and permissions...
		cd $EXPORT_ROOT
		sudo chown -R root:root root
		sudo chmod -R 777 root
		
		cd $currentdir

		# Make the JFFS2 file
		mkfs.jffs2 --pad=0x700000 -o $2 -e 0x20000 -n -d$EXPORT_ROOT/root/
		echo "[INFO] Image written to $2"
		
		sudo rm -rf $EXPORT_ROOT
	else
		echo "$1 does not exist!"
	fi
}

if [ $# != 2 ]
then
	Usage
else

	case $1 in
	    release)
		BuildImage $ANDROID_OUT/target/product/$ANDROID_DEVICE $2
		;;
	    debug)
		BuildImage $ANDROID_OUT/debug/target/product/$ANDROID_DEVICE $2
		;;
	    *)
		Usage
	esac
fi


目前並沒有與建置 Freerunner/Android kernel相關的說明文件。Sean McNeil 目前已經在 http://people.openmoko.org/sean_mcneil/ 這個位置釋出Kernel。大部份的patche 需要與andy-tracking kernel branch 配合執行,而此Kernel終將成為最穩定的kernel版本。 一旦所有的 patche都放到 kernel後,即可在stock kernel上執行 Android 。

與 Windows 連結性

讓 Windows 能組織 Android "網路零件(Ethernet Gadget)" ,並且使用Android USB Windows driver (http://dl.google.com/android/android_usb_windows.zip) 充電,在你安裝驅動程式前,你可以透過修改套件中的android_usb.inf 檔案,來完成這項工作。你必須做出下面的修改動作:

將下面[Google.NTx86] 的內容加到android_usb.inf 檔案中:

; Neo FreeRunner
%USB\VID_1457&PID_5117.DeviceDescRelease%=androidusb.Dev, USB\VID_1457&PID_5117
%USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01.DeviceDescRelease%=androidusb.Dev, USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01

並且在android_usb.inf檔案的 [Strings] 區塊下加入以下的內容:

USB\VID_1457&PID_5117.DeviceDescRelease="Neo FreeRunner"
USB\VID_1457&PID_5117&MI_01.DeviceDescRelease="Neo FreeRunner Composite ADB Interface"

adb的Windows版本並不會出現,並且連接到裝置上,但至少FreeRunner會開始充電,裝置驅動程式會出現"This device is working properly(此裝置的功能運作正常)"的訊息。

取得幫助

Getting Started

你可以藉由下面的操作指引下載及建立Android source,請參考 http://source.android.com/download並且依照你的架構參考操作指引。

發佈你的作品

最好的方法是透過 wiki systems、公開的 mailing list、討論群組及公開的系統來發表你的作品。

對於你的工作,永遠加入自己的credit,但請不要使用註解的方式,因為有些程式在沒有註解的情況下已經不易閱讀困難,這個方式將增加困難度。最好的情況是,建立patch,並且在表頭放入你的個人連絡資訊。但協同運作的系統,如git可能已經幫你完成這個工作了。

若你建立了新的東西,並且能夠指定它的授權,請考慮授權相容性上的問題。

Porting 策略

  • 分析它對現有的build system的影響力
    • buid/core/combo/arm-linux.mk
      • -D__ARCH_ARM_4__ -D__ARCH_ARM_4T__
      • -march=armv4t -mcpu=arm920t
    • 修補不同的靜態參考資料到 'armv5'
  • 隔離 ARMv5TE ISA 相依的程式碼
    • e.g. grep -n -R -i "${armv5te_isa_pattern}" ~/android
  • 摘要
    • ( C/C++ )
      • 使用 inlined functions / #ifdef 狀態式來完成移植性的功能
      • 針對 inlined assembler calls,目前使用一般的 C 程式也是可以被接受的,之後,我們再用手動的方式來進行最佳化的工作。
    • ( ASM )
      • 處理器的狀態是根據 ISA / architecture,如 #ifdef __ARCH_ARM_5__ ... #endif #ifdef __ARCH_ARM_4__ ... #endif
      • 強烈的建議處理器狀態應該不要套疊在一起(如讓他們彼此獨佔)
      • Some people have suggested that we should not do #ifdef's based on ARCH or ISA, but rather based on an AndroidConfig.h which would define macros like PLD(...) #ifdef HAVE_ARM_PLD pld #else ... #endif .

針對ARMv5TE 指令(instruction),可能潛藏著:

  • 使用一般的registers(登錄子),而不是使用 DSP 呼叫 (如 eabi / softfloat)
  • 若它是 a) 無法判別的 或者 b) 速度緩慢,則這個區段的程式則必須要分析,針對ARMv4T isa,必須使用hand-optimized 的方法

List of Unsupported Instructions

This is a list of opcodes, extracted from the Android source, that are unsupported for ARMv4T compliant processors (specifically the arm920t). The opcodes represent instructions available for ARMv5, ARMv5T, and ARMv5TE architectures, which are not present in the ARMv4T ISA. The list was obtained by exhaustively editing the recompiling the Android source code until it compiled without error.

Please keep in mind, that in some cases, translating these instructions into a sequence of ARMv4T instructions will be impossible and / or result in nondeterministic execution because of

  • the requirement of additional context
  • the tendencies of certain opcodes to change condition registers that may or may not be present in the arm920t core

Opcodes

Opcode Desription [PDF] Page Number C ASM
BLX(1) Branch, Link, and Exchange 166 N/A (Unused in Android) N/A (Unused in Android)
BLX(2) Branch, Link, and Exchange 168

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_BLX
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with equivalent blx code, as shown to the right) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_BLX
#define BLX(a) \
blx a
#else
#define BLX(a) \
mov pc,lr \
bx a
#endif
CLZ Count Leading Zeros 175

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_CLZ
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with equivalent clz code, as shown to the right) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081029

#ifdef HAVE_CLZ
#define CLZ(Rd,Rm) \
clz Rd,Rm
#else
#define CLZ(Rd,Rm) \
...
#endif
...
CLZ(Rd,Rm)
LDRD Load Registers Doubleword 200

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute different inline assembly code with something like

#ifdef HAVE_LDRD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with ldrd substituted) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_LDRD
#define LDRD(a,b) \
ldrd a,b
#else
#define LDRD(a,b) \
...
#endif
PLD Preload Data 240

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove from inline assembly with something like

#ifdef HAVE_PLD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm with pld removed) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Remove or substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_PLD
#define PLD(a,b) \
pld a,b
#else
#define PLD(a,b)
#endif
...
PLD(r0,#0)
SMLA<x><y> Signed Multiply-Accumulate 291
SMLAL<x><y> Signed Multiply Accumulate Long 298
SMLAW<y> Signed Multiply-Accumulate Word 302
SMUL<x><y> Signed Multiply 316
SMULW<y> Signed Multiply Word 320
QADD Saturating Add 242
QDADD Saturating Double and Add 249
QDSUB Saturating Double and Subtract 251
QSUB Saturating Subtract 253
STRD Store Registers Doubleword 349

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute different inline assembly code with something like

#ifdef HAVE_STRD
... (inline asm) ...
#else
... (inline asm without strd) ...
#endif

User:Cfriedt 20081028 Substitute with a macro reference such as

#ifdef HAVE_STRD
#define STRD(a,b) \
strd a,b
#else
#define STRD(a,b) \
...
#endif


Scanning for Files That Use the ARMv5TE ISA

Using the above list of opcodes, one can scan the Android source code for ARMv4T-incompatible instruction sequences.

Code:

#!/bin/sh

# $1 is the android directory

if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
exit -1
fi

cd "${1}"

opcodes="blx clz ldrd pld smlabb smlabt smlatt
smlal smlawb smlawt smulbb smulbt smultt smulwb
smulwt qadd qdadd qdsub qsub strd"

for op in ${opcodes}; do

echo "* ${op} ====================================="

if [ ! -e .files.${op} ]; then

files="$(grep -R -i "${op} " * 2>/dev/null)"
files="$(echo $files | grep -v "^Binary file" | sed -e 's/:.*//')"
files="$(echo $files| grep -v "CREDIT\|README\|^\(kernel/\|.git/\)\|\(\.txt\)$" | sort -u)"

echo "${files}" > .files.${op}

else
files="$(cat .files.${op})"
fi

for fil in ${files}; do
lines="$(grep -n -i "${op} " ${fil} | sed -e 's/:.*//g' )"
lines="$(echo $lines | sed -e 's/ /,/g')"
echo "** ${fil}: lines {${lines}}"
done
done


Source Files in Android that Use the ARMv5TE ISA

The list of files below may or may not be complete. There might also be some assembly code that is generated with a python script (verification?).


  • blx =====================================
    • bionic/libc/tools/gensyscalls.py: lines {168,186}
    • bootloader/legacy/nandwrite/init.S: lines {77}
    • bootloader/legacy/usbloader/init.S: lines {95}
    • dalvik/vm/arch/arm/CallEABI.S: lines {239}
    • dalvik/vm/arch/arm/CallOldABI.S: lines {145}
    • development/emulator/qtools/thumbdis.cpp: lines {187,265}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1151,1971,2444}
    • external/qemu/trace.c: lines {774,1353,1358}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/disassem.c: lines {416}
  • clz =====================================
    • development/emulator/qtools/armdis.cpp: lines {654}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/pv_normalize.h: lines {67,84}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/norm_l.h: lines {137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/normalize_amr_wb.h: lines {78,95}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/pvmp3_normalize.h: lines {67,84}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/avc_h264/dec/src/vlc.cpp: lines {23}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/vlc_encode_inline.h: lines {125,162,168,204,218}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1247}
    • external/skia/libcorecg/Sk64.cpp: lines {340,341,343}
    • external/skia/libcorecg/SkMatrix.cpp: lines {500,501}
    • external/skia/libsgl/effects/SkColorMatrixFilter.cpp: lines {135}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkBitmap.cpp: lines {945,946,947}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkBitmapShader.cpp: lines {32,33,34}
    • external/skia/libsgl/sgl/SkGraphics.cpp: lines {429,437}
  • ldrd =====================================
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_AGET_WIDE.S: lines {28}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IGET_WIDE.S: lines {37}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IGET_WIDE_QUICK.S: lines {10}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_SGET_WIDE.S: lines {17}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/out/InterpAsm-armv5.S: lines {2653,7464,8318,8390}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/rotate90CW_4x4_16v6.S: lines {40,41,42,43}
  • pld =====================================
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcmp.S: lines {37,44,45,56,57,107,108,195,196}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcmp16.S: lines {37,44,45,67,68,116,117,198,199}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/memcpy.S: lines {55,56,57,145,266,293,320}
    • bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/strlen.c: lines {59,65}
    • bionic/libc/kernel/arch-arm/asm/arch/irqs.h: lines {162}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile: lines {243}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile.am: lines {32}
    • external/elfutils/src/Makefile.in: lines {243}
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {69,235,247}
    • external/qemu/target-arm/translate.c: lines {1149}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssembler.cpp: lines {368}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssemblerInterface.cpp: lines {104,108,117}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {111,112,134,143}
  • smlabb =====================================
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {110,115,155,156}
    • external/neven/Embedded/common/src/b_BasicEm/Math.c: lines {584,589}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {147,166}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {120,129}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {514,533}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {418,429}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {202}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {250}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/dct_inline.h: lines {119,155,167,278,326,341}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/fastquant_inline.h: lines {178,225,437,517}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {405,436}
  • smlabt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {184}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {138}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/dct_inline.h: lines {131,143,294,310}
  • smlatt =====================================
    • external/neven/Embedded/common/src/b_BasicEm/Math.c: lines {585,590}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {157}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {441}
  • smlal =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v4.h: lines {179,223,236,257,267}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v4_gcc.h: lines {264,341}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {178,188,198}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_dct_9.s: lines {84,90,96,101,109,114,116,118,121,132,138,150,163,165,167,174,176,178}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_dct_9_gcc.s: lines {73,79,86,90,98,103,105,107,110,121,127,139,152,154,156,163,165,167}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18.asm: lines {143,162,178,188,192,199,207,217,225,231,237,241,244}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18.s: lines {145,164,180,190,194,201,209,219,227,233,239,243,246}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_mdct_18_gcc.s: lines {143,162,178,188,192,199,207,217,225,231,237,241,244}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window.asm: lines {62,63,66,72,76,77,81,82,85,90,94,97,99,100,103,108,113,114,118,119,122,129,136,137,176,179,183,187,190,193}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window.s: lines {67,68,71,77,81,82,86,87,90,95,99,102,104,105,108,113,118,119,123,124,127,134,141,142,181,184,188,192,195,198}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/asm/pvmp3_polyphase_filter_window_gcc.s: lines {65,66,69,75,79,80,84,85,88,93,97,100,102,103,106,111,116,117,121,122,125,132,139,140,179,182,186,190,193,196}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/mp3/dec/src/pv_mp3dec_fxd_op_arm.h: lines {148}
    • external/qemu/trace.c: lines {813}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/iterators.S: lines {66,67}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {67,68,96,126,127,282,283,314,315,316}
  • smlawb =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {203,259}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {166,416}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {93,109}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {163,203}
  • smlawt =====================================
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {114}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {162,202,243,244}
  • smulbb =====================================
    • external/jpeg/jidctfst.S: lines {109,114,151,153}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {79}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {71,81}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {207,251,297,348,361,375,427,440,487}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {199,234,274,314,316,326,367,369,404}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mac.h: lines {121,137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_msu.h: lines {123,142}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mult.h: lines {122,140}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32.h: lines {132,134,138,164,177,191}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32_16.h: lines {127,129,150,163}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mult.h: lines {121,141}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {115,139,151,163,189,190,212}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {112,113,164,183,201,218,265}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/video/m4v_h263/enc/src/fastquant_inline.h: lines {250,457,531}
    • external/skia/include/corecg/SkMath.h: lines {170}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {420,462}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {39,66,74,82}
  • smulbt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {115}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {109}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/texturing.cpp: lines {1091}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/t32cb16blend.S: lines {47,55}
  • smultt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {131}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {100}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioMixer.cpp: lines {467}
    • frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger/AudioResamplerSinc.cpp: lines {73}
  • smulwb =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {221}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {373}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {222}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {283}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/sbc/enc/src/sbcenc_filter.h: lines {33}
    • frameworks/base/opengl/libagl/matrix.h: lines {161,201,242}
  • smulwt =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {202,240}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {385,415}
  • qadd =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_gcc.h: lines {64}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/fxp_mul32_arm_v5.h: lines {60}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {130,256}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {128,235}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_add.h: lines {122,137}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mult.h: lines {123,145}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {71,102,152,176,192}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {91,115,148,202,234}
    • external/openssl/crypto/bn/bn_prime.c: lines {454,455}
  • qdadd =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/calc_sbr_synfilterbank.cpp: lines {116,162}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/aac/dec/src/trans4m_freq_2_time_fxp.cpp: lines {472,494}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {212,356,370,385,435,449}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {200,315,321,331,368,371}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_mac.h: lines {122,142}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32.h: lines {133,136,140,172,186,201}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/mpy_32_16.h: lines {128,131,158,172}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {116}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {184}
  • qdsub =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {302}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {275}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_msu.h: lines {124,147}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {140}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {165}
  • qsub =====================================
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_gcc_v5.h: lines {167}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/basic_op_arm_v5.h: lines {162}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_nb/common/include/l_sub.h: lines {121,138}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_armv5.h: lines {88,127}
    • external/opencore/codecs_v2/audio/gsm_amr/amr_wb/dec/src/pvamrwbdecoder_basic_op_gcc_armv5.h: lines {70,133}
  • strd =====================================
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_APUT_WIDE.S: lines {31}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IPUT_WIDE.S: lines {39}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_IPUT_WIDE_QUICK.S: lines {14}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/armv5/OP_SPUT_WIDE.S: lines {21}
    • dalvik/vm/mterp/out/InterpAsm-armv5.S: lines {2834,7530,8331,8542}
    • dalvik/vm/oo/Object.h: lines {589}
    • external/opencore/fileformats/avi/parser/include/pv_avifile_streamlist.h: lines {179}
    • external/opencore/fileformats/avi/parser/src/pv_avifile_streamlist.cpp: lines {153}
    • system/core/libpixelflinger/rotate90CW_4x4_16v6.S: lines {47,52,56,60}


Discussion

Notes

The file

system/core/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/ARMAssembler.cpp

will need special attention. It's responsible for dynamic generation of DSP code.

Suggestions

  • User:Cfriedt 20081024 I'm not sure how feasible this is, given that the SMedia 3362 is heavily NDA'd. However, since the arm920t lacks a floating-point unit / DSP core, is it possible to use the SMedia chip for general-purpose math? This would help in the Android platform, at least, for things like audio and video codecs. Aside from an OpenGL ES driver, OpenMoko documentation for the SMedia would be highly appreciated.

Important Links

(Please Update Me)

Documentation

Instruction Set References

Hardware Reference

Communities

See also

External Links

Youtube video /Android on FreeRunner

Video 1

Video 2

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