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| * [http://www.handheld-linux.com/wiki.php?page=Openmoko%20Flasher Openmoko Flasher] has a precompiled binary in the App bundle | | * [http://www.handheld-linux.com/wiki.php?page=Openmoko%20Flasher Openmoko Flasher] has a precompiled binary in the App bundle |
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− | == Reference Documentation == | + | == Manual == |
| | | |
− | To run dfu-util, you need to have /proc/bus/usb mounted and working. The terminal command "ls /proc/bus/usb" should return something similar to, "001 002 003 004 005 devices", it shouldn't be empty. If it is empty, use this command:
| + | See [[Manuals/Dfu-util]] |
− | | + | |
− | <pre>
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− | sudo mount -t usbfs usbfs /proc/bus/usb
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− | </pre>
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− | | + | |
− | You can permanently add it in your fstab so that it automatically mounts. You can use emacs to edit you fstab using the command "sudo emacs /etc/fstab -nw" in your terminal window. Add the below line to your fstab:
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− | | + | |
− | <pre>
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− | usbfs /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults
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− | </pre>
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− | | + | |
− | | + | |
− | === Before using dfu-util ===
| + | |
− | You'll need to boot your phone into the NOR Boot Menu:
| + | |
− | * Ensure your phone is connected directly to the host computer by USB (not the USB-charger! :)
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− | * Ensure that you execute all dfu-util commands as root
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− | * Power off the phone
| + | |
− | * Hold down AUX
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− | * Press POWER and hold it
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− | * Release AUX, hold POWER until you see the menu
| + | |
− | * Connect your Neo to your computer directly (Using a hub in between could cause problems with the hub and the usb reset)
| + | |
− | see also [[Booting the Neo FreeRunner]]
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | Note: Some myth existed that dfu-util is not worked with sudo. This is not true of course. It is working from both sudo and su sessions. --[[User:Gena2x|Gena2x]] 12:30, 20 July 2010 (UTC)
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | === Command-line options ===
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− | | + | |
− | ==== --help ====
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− | | + | |
− | <pre>
| + | |
− | dfu-util - (C) 2007 by Openmoko Inc.
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− | This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
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− | | + | |
− | Usage: dfu-util [options] ...
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− | -h --help Print this help message
| + | |
− | -V --version Print the version number
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− | -l --list List the currently attached DFU capable USB devices
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− | -d --device vendor:product Specify Vendor/Product ID of DFU device
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− | -c --cfg config_nr Specify the Configuration of DFU device
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− | -i --intf intf_nr Specify the DFU Interface number
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− | -a --alt alt_nr Specify the Altseting of the DFU Interface
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− | -t --transfer-size Specify the number of bytes per USB Transfer
| + | |
− | -U --upload file Read firmware from device into <file>
| + | |
− | -D --download file Write firmware from <file> into device
| + | |
− | -R --reset Issue USB Reset signalling once we're finished
| + | |
− | </pre>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | ==== --alt ====
| + | |
− | With the -a switch you specify the location on the device you want to write to or read from.
| + | |
− | However, for most cases, ''kernel'' and ''rootfs'' will be enough.
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− | | + | |
− | See [[partitions]] for a list. You may also use the ''--list'' switch (see below), to get an online list. | + | |
− | | + | |
− | ==== --list ====
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | Using the --list option, you can list the available DFU capable devices, their configuration, interface and altsettings.
| + | |
− | Below is an example for a current Neo1973 phone in u-boot '''Runtime Mode'''
| + | |
− | <pre>
| + | |
− | # ./dfu-util --list
| + | |
− | dfu-util - (C) 2007 by Openmoko Inc.
| + | |
− | This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
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− | | + | |
− | Found DFU Runtime: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=0, cfg=0, intf=2, alt=0, name="USB Device Firmware Upgrade"
| + | |
− | </pre>
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− | | + | |
− | Below is an example for a current Neo1973 phone in u-boot '''DFU Mode'''
| + | |
− | <pre>
| + | |
− | # ./dfu-util --list
| + | |
− | dfu-util - (C) 2007 by Openmoko Inc.
| + | |
− | This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=0, name="RAM 0x32000000"
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− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=1, name="u-boot"
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− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=2, name="u-boot_env"
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− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=3, name="kernel"
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− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=4, name="splash"
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− | Found DFU: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=16, cfg=0, intf=0, alt=5, name="rootfs"
| + | |
− | </pre>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | This shows you six interfaces, all in '''configuration 0''' and '''interface 0''', with altsetting 0...5, for RAM and each [[Partitions|partition]].
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | ==== --device ====
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− | | + | |
− | You can specify the USB Vendor and Product ID of the device you want to program:
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− | | + | |
− | dfu-util --device 0x1457:0x5119
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− | | + | |
− | If you only have one standards-compliant DFU device attached to your PC, this is optional. However, as soon as you have multiple DFU devices, dfu-util will detect this and abort, asking you to specify which device it shall use.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | ==== --transfer-size ====
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− | | + | |
− | Specifies the size of each individual USB transfer. If you don't use it, the maximum possible size for your combination of host operating system and USB device is chosen (for optimal performance).
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | ==== --download ====
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− | | + | |
− | download the given file into the device.
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− | | + | |
− | ==== --upload ====
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− | | + | |
− | upload from the DFU device into the given file[name].
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− | | + | |
− | {{note|Upload support is currently broken - [http://docs.openmoko.org/trac/ticket/676 #676]}}
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− | | + | |
− | == Phrasebook ==
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− | | + | |
− | There's no full-fledged manual yet. Instead, some examples:
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− | | + | |
− | === Flashing the rootfs ===
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | dfu-util -a rootfs -R -D /path/to/openmoko-devel-image.jffs2
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− | | + | |
− | === Flashing the kernel ===
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | dfu-util -a kernel -R -D /path/to/uImage
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | === Flashing the bootloader ===
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | dfu-util -a u-boot -R -D /path/to/u-boot.bin
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− | | + | |
− | === Flashing the splash image ===
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | dfu-util -a splash -R -D /path/to/splash.gz
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | see also [[Configuring_the_boot_splash_screens]]
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | === Copying a kernel into RAM ===
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | dfu-util -a 0 -R -D /path/to/uImage
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | Once this has finished, the kernel will be available at the default load address of 0x32000000 in Neo1973 RAM.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | {{note|You cannot transfer more than 2MB of data into RAM using this method}}
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | == Troubleshooting notes ==
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− | | + | |
− | If during flashing of an image using dfu-util you're consistently getting an error -110 message, check that the size of the destination NAND [[Partitions|partition]] is big enough to hold the image. For example the kernel partition is only 2 MB big by default and a kernel with debugging info compiled-in can often exceed this. It's possible to change the partition layout to enlarge a given partition and shrink other partitions but you have to remember to reflash all partitions whose start offset has changed afterwards. To adjust partitions layout use the ''mtdparts'' [[Bootloader|u-boot command]].
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | If in turn you're facing errors in seemingly random places during the flashing of images, most likely the USB hub or cable through which your Neo1973 is connected, is of too poor quality. It is recommended that you always connect the phone directly to the host when using dfu-util.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | If dfu-util reports a message like the following, before it starts flashing:<pre>
| + | |
− | Resetting USB...
| + | |
− | not at least 2 device changes found ?!?
| + | |
− | Lost device after RESET?</pre> retry the command - it should work on a second run.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | If dfu-util complains about not being able to program the device while in runtime mode, do the following: while in the boot menu, remove the usb cable and insert it again. Depending on the version of uBoot it should display somewhere in the menu that it is now in DFU mode. Now dfu-util should be able to continue.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | If dfu-util is too slow on Windows, that's a known bug. A suggestion is to run Linux on a virtual box. An full root image 97MB that is 776Mbit, the USB 1.1 on the Neo FreeRunner is capable of either 1.5 Mbit/s (Low-Speed) and 12 Mbit/s (Full-Speed). So flashing it should take less than 9 minutes with low speed and a bit more than a minute with full-speed. Plus transfer overhead, plus decompression on the Neo side.
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | Note that any error messages indicate a probable failed transfer, despite latter messages emitted about success, etc.
| + | |
| | | |
| == See also == | | == See also == |
In the Openmoko project, we use this program to communicate with our specially enhanced bootloader, which implements the DFU device side.
On Debian and Ubuntu, you'll need libusb-dev:
sudo apt-get install libusb-dev autogen pkg-config autotools-dev autoconf automake
On Fedora you'll need libusb-devel and libusb-static:
yum install libusb-devel libusb-static
You can check out and build the latest version of dfu-util using the following subversion commands:
svn co https://svn.openmoko.org/trunk/src/host/dfu-util/
cd dfu-util
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
The resulting binary is dfu-util/src/dfu-util.
see below for full instructions.