DeforaOS
From Openmoko
DeforaOS is a multi-purpose Operating System, providing an ubiquitous, secure and transparent access to the user's resources. It features a POSIX-compliant environment, and can work on top of existing systems (Linux, *BSD...). Its desktop environment is focused on usability, coherence and integration, with many applications available already. Developed with simplicity and efficiency in mind, it suits modern embedded platforms as well.
The Smartphone Environment is packaged and shipped as part of the "dse" series of hackable:1, a Debian-based distribution for Hackable Devices like the Openmoko Freerunner.
Official website: http://www.defora.org/